Power system stability is understood as the ability to regain an equilibrium state after being subjected to a physical disturbance. Three quantities are important for power system operation:
(i) angles of nodal voltages δ, also called power or load angles;
(ii) frequency f ;
and (iii) nodal voltage magnitudes V.
These quantities are especially important from the point of view of defining and classifying power system stability. Hence power system stability can be divided into:
(i) rotor (or power) angle stability;
(ii) frequency stability;
and (iii) voltage stability.
As power systems are nonlinear, their stability depends on both the initial conditions and the size of a disturbance. Consequently, angle and voltage stability can be divided into small- and large-disturbance stability.
Power system stability is mainly connected with electromechanical phenomena. However, it is also affected by fast electromagnetic phenomena and slow thermodynamic phenomena. Hence, depending on the type of phenomena, one can refer to short-term stability and long-term stability.
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